announcement

Looking for an internship in 2025?

ZK/SEC February 25, 2025 1 min

Internships at zkSecurity

Looking for an internship in ZK, MPC, FHE, and post-quantum cryptography? Interested in working with AI, formal verification, and TEEs? We are always looking for talented peeps to join our team and do interesting research!

Here are some of the projects our previous interns have worked on:

The fast track to get an interview is to solve our zkBank challenge, but feel free to apply directly by submitting your resume to internships2025@zksecurity.xyz.

We are looking forward to hearing from you!

Keep reading

Latest

Variants of KZG: Part II, Multilinear Commitments with PST

In this blog post, we extend the ideas behind univariate KZG commitments to multilinear polynomials through the PST commitment scheme. We derive the multilinear quotient identity, explain how PST commits to and opens multilinear polynomials using a specialized multilinear setup and walk through its opening protocol. We conclude by examining the proof size, prover and verifier costs, and the limitations that motivate other multilinear polynomial commitment schemes.

Varun Thakore · July 28, 2026

Threshold ECDSA: Building CGGMP from scratch

A step-by-step build of CGGMP, an n-of-n threshold ECDSA scheme where parties jointly produce a signature without ever reconstructing the private key. We start from the multiplicative-to-additive (MtA) protocol and a semi-honest version of the signing protocol, then harden it into a maliciously secure one by layering in zero-knowledge proofs at each step. Along the way we cover the auxiliary Ring-Pedersen and Paillier parameters and the proofs that make them safe to use.

Samuel Tang · July 27, 2026

zkao 2.0 is here

zkao 2.0 is out: a complete redesign of our continuous security scanning tool, a new pay-as-you-go model that replaces subscriptions, and a long list of improvements across scanning, triaging, and reporting.

zk/sec, False Witness team · July 24, 2026

Recommended

New Challenge Alert: Complete Both to Join zkSecurity

Think you have what it takes to join zkSecurity? We're raising the bar with a second challenge! Now candidates must complete both zkBank and our new Curve Machine challenge to prove their skills across the full spectrum of ZK security. Are you ready to take on both challenges?

ZK/SEC · December 01, 2025

A challenge on the Jolt zkVM

Last weekend, we had a blast crafting challenges for a CTF event at the MOCA Italian hacker camp. One cryptography challenge, "2+2=5," involved the Jolt zkVM and a RISC-V program. In this post, we share the ins and outs of the challenge, the clever use of a modified Jolt library, and how we managed to prove an invalid execution without triggering verification alarms. Get ready to dive into the world of Jolt and pick up some nifty insights on exploiting cryptographic systems like a true hacker.

Giorgio Dell'Immagine · September 24, 2024

Improving the Security of the Jolt zkVM

We recently explored a16z’s Jolt zkVM to bolster its security, discovering significant bugs in the process. Our findings revealed vulnerabilities that could allow malicious provers to forge proofs, highlighting the crucial role of manual reviews in catching these issues. Jolt, with its unique approach using the Lasso lookup technique, aims to improve prover efficiency and system scalability. With these bugs now fixed, this work underscores the importance of thorough audits in ensuring the reliability of advanced zkVM technology. Stay tuned as we continue to delve into zkVM security insights.

Suneal Gong, Imam Al-Fath · November 19, 2024

More to explore

Breaking Down Bulletproofs: No Pairings, No Trusted Setup

Learn how Bulletproofs enables efficient zero-knowledge proofs without trusted setups by computing inner products in a verifiable way. This post breaks down the core folding technique that reduces large vectors to single elements through recursive compression, making proofs both compact and fast to verify. Used in Monero, Mina's Kimchi, and Zcash's Halo 2, Bulletproofs is a practical alternative to pairing-based schemes.

David Wong · October 23, 2025

Public report of Aleo's consensus (Bullshark)

We recently audited Aleo's blockchain consensus and found it to be impressively well-documented and high-quality. Our collaboration with Aleo's cooperative team helped us uncover several key issues, and the insights from this audit were well-received. In the blog, we dive into Aleo's Bullshark consensus protocol, explaining its step-by-step process and unique pipelining techniques. We also explore how leaders ensure commitments in even rounds and discuss essential aspects like quorum intersection and garbage collection. Whether you're a blockchain enthusiast or just curious about cutting-edge consensus protocols, this post has got some fascinating details to offer!

ZK/SEC · January 02, 2024

Beyond L2s Maturity: A Formal Approach to Building Secure Blockchain Rollups

In our latest blog post, we dig into the fascinating world of blockchain rollups, focusing on their security and how they help Ethereum scale while maintaining its core values of decentralization. We'll break down the concepts of Optimistic and ZK-Rollups, discuss the importance of projects like L2BEAT in assessing rollup maturity, and introduce our formal model for ensuring rollup security. If you're curious about how forced transactions, safe blacklisting, and upgradeability are shaping the future of Ethereum, this is a read you won't want to miss.

Stefanos Chaliasos · February 18, 2025