Check out the latest episode of Node Guardians to see our cofounder David Wong talk about ZK security and the future of ZK with Sam. In this episode, David discusses the different workflows that can be used for blockchain auditing, the importance of math in auditing, and the scope of work that blockchain auditors typically perform. He also talks about the challenges of working in different contexts, how vulnerabilities are rated, and the usefulness of formal verification.
In this final post of the series, we extend univariate KZG commitments to multilinear polynomials through Mercury. Building on Gemini, we fold half of the variables at once, use polynomial division to bind this large fold to the original commitment and reduce the remaining multilinear evaluations to a batched inner product check. We then walk through the end-to-end opening protocol. We conclude by examining its proof size, prover cost and verifier cost.
In this blog post, we extend univariate KZG commitments to multilinear polynomials through Gemini. We introduce recursive partial evaluations, derive the split-and-fold identity and express each fold as a univariate identity that can be checked using KZG openings. We then walk through the end-to-end opening protocol. We conclude by examining its proof size, prover cost, and verifier cost.
Many of us are using AI to generate code. Vibe coding cryptography is especially sensitive - you have to uphold strict mathematical correctness. This can lead to wrong security guarantees and soundness bugs. We will discuss what are some patterns to do it well.
We're excited to share that our programming language, noname, now supports R1CS, making it easier to write zero-knowledge (ZK) circuits and deploy them on Ethereum using SnarkJS. This update introduces an alternative to the common Circom language, with a simple and intuitive syntax inspired by Rust and Golang. In this post, we illustrate how to deploy a noname-based Sudoku circuit on Ethereum, demonstrating core benefits like proving a solution's correctness without revealing it. Dive in to explore how noname could potentially unify the fragmented zkSNARK ecosystem and simplify your circuit writing process!
We're super excited to introduce noname 3.0, our zk programming language inspired by Rust and Golang, now achieving full feature parity with Circom. This update brings native hints, a standard library, debugging features, and a lot more to enhance developer experience. Dive into how hint functions work with an 'unsafe' keyword to balance innovation and security, explore our new stdlib modules, and see how the compiler pipeline visualizer can help you understand the compiling process. Plus, check out our next steps and how you can contribute to shaping noname's future.
We're excited to introduce the preview of noname 2.0, packed with features that make developing advanced ZK circuits easier than ever. This update includes flexible generic-sized arrays, seamless integration with folding schemes for IVC, and an interactive online playground to test and share code. We've also optimized R1CS constraint generation to boost performance. Plus, there are numerous community-driven enhancements and bug fixes that make the language more robust and user-friendly. Dive in to explore the specifics of our journey, learn from the contributions of our vibrant open-source community, and see how noname is evolving into a more versatile tool for developers.
zk.golf is a platform where people can compete on creating the most efficient zk circuits for specific problems. It is enabled by what we call "fearless optimization", which is achieved by combining formal verification and frontier AI models. By the end, you will be convinced that nobody should look at constraints ever again in their life.
In this blog post, we explore how to optimize the sumcheck protocol, particularly when working with values in a small field and randomness from a large field, as often needed in zkVMs. We introduce various algorithms aimed at reducing expensive operations, focusing on minimizing large multiplications. Starting from using simple evaluation tables to more sophisticated techniques like precomputing accumulators and leveraging Lagrange interpolation, we demonstrate how to efficiently organize computations to speed up proving times. Readers will gain insights into handling arithmetic operations within the sumcheck protocol and learn about optimizing specific cases in zero-knowledge proofs.
We've just dropped a blog post exploring the cool world of Ethereum's latest EIP-4844 upgrade and how it tackles the data-availability conundrum with Proto-Danksharding. Get ready to dive into the intricacies of making data more accessible (and less pricey) by using nifty concepts like blobs and polynomial evaluations. Plus, we dish on the role of FRI in data-availability sampling and how it can streamline things even more. Curious? Check out the details and see how this all shapes Ethereum's future!