In this third whiteboard session in partnership with Archetype, we explain how a recent paper on Fiat-Shamir security and the GKR protocol works.
zkSecurity offers auditing, research, and development services for cryptographic systems including zero-knowledge proofs, MPCs, FHE, consensus protocols and more.
Learn More →zkNews is now open to everyone. When we first launched, access was limited to a small beta group to keep things stable while we found our footing. That rate limit is gone. Anyone can now sign up, submit links, and join the discussion at news.zksecurity.xyz. Come help us build the home for zero-knowledge news.
Clean, our circuit DSL, is growing toward verification of complex multi-AIR ensembles. We introduce channels as a way to model lookups, permutation arguments, and zkVM cross-table interactions, then explain how local gadget proofs can compose into global soundness theorems. Watch our talk from ZKProof 8 or read the post.
mpcsec.org is a new collaborative reference for common pitfalls in MPC implementations and the cryptographic primitives they rely on, built with contributors from zkSecurity, Trail of Bits, Partisia, and Zama. If you build, audit, or deploy threshold signatures, distributed key generation, or other MPC protocols, it's a starting point for the mistakes you don't want to repeat.
Join us for a deep dive into the fascinating world of arithmetization as David from our team breaks down the process of converting logical statements into algebraic forms to create arithmetic circuits, essential for constructing ZK proofs. This unedited recording from our "Proof is in the Pudding" series offers a unique opportunity to grasp these foundational concepts, perfect for anyone keen on unlocking the mechanics behind zero-knowledge proofs. Curious? Check out the session on Archetype's channel!
In our "Proof is in the Pudding" series, hosted with Archetype, we dive into the world of zkTLS, also known as zkOracles, HTTPz, or MPC-TLS. You'll get the inside scoop on various approaches like public oracles, TEE methods such as TownCrier, and hybrid models using MPC protocols. It's a perfect chance to explore cutting-edge TLS technologies and see how they shape secure communication. Check out the recorded session on Archetype's channel!
In the latest session of "Proof is in the Pudding," we teamed up with Archetype to explore the basics of Trusted Execution Environments. Through a collaborative whiteboarding session, we break down key concepts and practical applications, making this tech topic accessible and engaging. Dive in to discover how these environments can enhance digital security in a straightforward way.
We recently audited Aleo's blockchain consensus and found it to be impressively well-documented and high-quality. Our collaboration with Aleo's cooperative team helped us uncover several key issues, and the insights from this audit were well-received. In the blog, we dive into Aleo's Bullshark consensus protocol, explaining its step-by-step process and unique pipelining techniques. We also explore how leaders ensure commitments in even rounds and discuss essential aspects like quorum intersection and garbage collection. Whether you're a blockchain enthusiast or just curious about cutting-edge consensus protocols, this post has got some fascinating details to offer!
A practical guide to the trade-offs between KZG, IPA/Halo, and FRI, the three major polynomial commitment scheme families powering modern zero-knowledge proof systems. We compare proof sizes, verification costs, trust assumptions, benchmarks, and on-chain gas costs.
Zero-knowledge apps are evolving, and we've been diving into their two main forms: VM instructions and arithmetic circuits. Understanding the "assembly" layer is crucial for developers, especially when optimizing and ensuring security. We’ve played around with a new toy language called **noname**, blending Golang and Rust vibes to make zkApps more understandable. With **noname**, you get detailed insights about how your code translates into gates, offering a clearer picture of the underlying "assembly" and helping pinpoint compiler bugs. If you're curious about enhancing your low-level programming skills or peeking into circuit construction, check out our experiments and see if this inspires you to create better debugging tools!